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Objective: To investigate the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs) among intensive care unit (ICU) nurses, assess its relationship with ergonomic load and overall exposure levels. Methods: A total of 272 ICU nurses from two tertiary hospitals in a city were selected as the research subjects using convenient sampling method. The Chinese Musculoskeletal Disorder Questionnaire was used to investigate the prevalence of WMSDs among the ICU nurses. The Quick Exposure Check (QEC) was used to assess the ergonomic load on the back, shoulder/arm, hand/wrist, and neck during different clinical nursing operations. Results: The annual prevalence of WMSDs was 75.7% among ICU nurses. The annual prevalence of WMSDs in different body parts, from high to low, was as follows： lower back, neck, shoulder/arm, back, knee, hip/leg, hand/wrist, ankle/foot, and elbow (54.8% vs 43.4% vs 40.8% vs 36.0% vs 21.3% vs 19.9% vs 18.8% vs 18.4% vs 8.1%, P<0.01). ICU nurses had the highest QEC scores on the back (dynamic), shoulder/arm, hand/wrist, and neck with assisting patient turning (all P<0.05) among the six clinical nursing items. During the operation of patient turning, patient lifting, patient bathing, and bed sheet changing for bedridden patients, the back (dynamic) and shoulder/arm were at a high load level, while the hand/wrist and neck were at a mild load level. When nurses were providing tracheostomy care and oral care for intubated patients, their back (static), shoulder/arm, hand/wrist, and neck were at a mild load level. The overall exposure rate for assisting patient turning, patient lifting, oral care for intubated patients, bed sheet changing for bedridden patients, patient bathing, and tracheostomy care were 77.8%, 66.5%, 63.6%, 60.2%, 58.5%, and 57.4%, respectively. The risk for assisting patient turning was classified as level four, while the risk for other clinical nursing items was level three. Conclusion: The prevalence of WMSDs in ICU nurses is high. Both ergonomic load level and total exposure rate of back, shoulder/arm, hand/wrist and neck were high during clinical nursing operations.
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Objective To analyze the correlation between dyslipidemia and obesity caused by carnivorous diet among people aged 18 and over in the plateau area of Qinghai Province. Methods This study selected 396 subjects aged 18 and above from the multi-physical examination centers in Qinghai Province to be included in the analysis. Routine questionnaires were used to collect general demographic data, overweight and obesity and risk factors information of the subjects. At the same time, the incidence of obesity was calculated based on the BMI level. Results The proportion of abnormal lipids in high altitude residents(35.68%,38.96%,41.78%,33.80%,35.21%)was higher than that in low altitude residents(23.49%,21.85%,25.68%,25.68%,19.67%).The proportion of abnormal lipids in male group(21.39%,18.90%,16.91%,15.92%,22.38%)was higher than that in female group(13.33%,11.28%,8.20%,9.23%,14.35%).The proportion of abnormal lipids in 60-80 years old group(32.51%,21.47%,23.31%,20.24%,25.15%)was higher than that in 18-44 years old group(18.67%,2.48%,12.00%,2.48%,14.67%)and 45-59 years old group(16.45%,12.02%,13.92)%,10.75%,14.55%).The rate of dyslidemia in obese people(27.43%,24.77%,25.66%,8.84%,28.31%)was higher than that in underweight people(20.51%,6.87%,6.87%,15.38%,16.67%),normal weight people(10.14%,7.24%,4.34%,4.34%,5.79%)and the overweight group(16.91%,14.70%,11.76%,12.50%,13.23%)was higher.The rate of dyslidemia in junior college and above group(4.76%,5.95%,5.35%,4.76%,4.16%)was higher than that in primary school and middle school(12.94%,10.58%,8.23%,7.05%,5.88%).High school/technical secondary school(18.18%,18.88%,13.28%,14.68%,16.78%)were lower(P<0.05).In terms of average intake of meat,the proportion of overweight/underintake in obese group(55.15%,33.82%)was higher than that in non-obese group(16.54%,26.15%),and the proportion of normal intake in obese group(11.03%)was lower than that in non-obese group(57.31%).The proportion of excessive/low intake in normal group(18.05%,26.35%)was lower than that in dyslipidemia group(53.78%,26.05%),and the proportion of normal intake in normal group(55.60%)was higher than that in dyslipidemia group(20.17%)(P<0.05).With abnormal blood lipid as the dependent variable and excessive/low meat intake as the independent variable,the regression analysis showed that both excessive/low meat intake were risk factors for abnormal blood lipid(OR=1.134,1.146,P<0.05).Taking obesity as the dependent variable and excessive/low meat intake as the independent variable,the regression analysis showed that both excessive/low meat intake were risk factors for obesity(OR=1.145,1.327,P<0.05).Conclusion The dietary characteristics of people aged 18 and over in the plateau area are unstable. The incidence of dyslipidemia is 30.05%, and the incidence of obesity is 34.34%. Excessive or too little meat intake is associated with dyslipidemia and obesity in this population.
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Objective:To explore the prognostic factors of epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC), construct a nomogram model, and evaluate the prognosis of EOC patients.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on clinicopathological data of 208 cases of EOC patients who received initial treatment in the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from August 11, 2016 to July 11, 2018, including age, preoperative ascites, preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgical method, pathological type, pathological differentiation degree, surgical pathology stage, preoperative and post-chemotherapy serum cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) level, human epididymal protein 4 (HE4) level, platelet count and platelet/lymphocyte number ratio (PLR). The univariate and multivariate Cox risk ratio models were used to analyze the related factors affecting progression free survival (PFS) in EOC patients, and the prediction nomogram of PFS in EOC patients was established to evaluate its efficacy in predicting PFS. Results:Univariate analysis showed that preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy, pathological type, pathological differentiation degree, surgical pathology stage, serum CA 125 and HE4 level before operation and after chemotherapy, platelet count and PLR before operation and after chemotherapy were significantly correlated with PFS in EOC patients (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that surgical pathology stage, preoperative PLR, serum CA 125 and HE4 level after chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors affecting PFS of EOC patients (all P<0.01). The index coefficient of the prediction model for the prognosis of EOC patients established by this method was 0.749 (95% CI: 0.699-0.798), which had good prediction ability, and could help clinicians to more accurately evaluate the prognosis of EOC patients. Conclusion:The nomogram model constructed based on surgical pathology stage, preoperative PLR, serum CA 125 and HE4 level after chemotherapy could effectively predict the PFS of EOC patients after initial treatment, could help clinicians to screen high-risk patients, provide individualized treatment, and improve the prognosis of EOC patients.
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Objective:To analyze the liposoluble components and antioxidant capacity of Caryopteris tangutica. Methods:By using GC-MS, this paper analyzes liposoluble components of different positions of Caryopteris tangutica. By making the removal rate of free radicals with liposoluble components as the index, and making IC 50 as reference indicators to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of lipidsoluble extracts of different parts. Results:There are 31, 40 and 62 compounds identified in the liposoluble components of the stems, leaves and flower, among which unsaturated fatty acids account for the most. The different parts of Caryopteris tangutica all play the role of clearing DPPH and ABTS + free radicals, and the clearing rate of leaves was greater than that of flowers and stems. Conclusion:The unsaturated fatty acids in lipidsoluble components of Caryopteris tangutica are beneficial to the human body, and have antioxidant activity.
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Objective To explore the epidemiological distribution characteristics of blood pressure in patients with altitude sickness, and the influence of abnormal glucose metabolism and other factors on abnormal blood pressure in patients with altitude sickness, so as to propose preventive plans. Methods From the 358 patients with altitude sickness diagnosed in our hospital from January 2017 to June 2021, 259 patients who met the inclusion criteria of this study were selected for analysis (99 patients with previously diagnosed hypertension were excluded, and the final 259 patients) The study selected 259 subjects, collected information on blood pressure, blood glucose levels, and other potential influencing factors, analyzed associations, and discussed reasonable prevention strategies. Statistics using SPSS19.0. Results The mean systolic blood pressure of newly diagnosed hypertensive patients was (154.36±12.58) mmHg, the diastolic blood pressure was (93.69±9.54) mmHg, and the pulse pressure difference was (61.25±10.28) mmHg, (compared with the control group t/P value: 16.505/ 1+0.130x2+0.874 x3+0.849x4+0.309x5+0.341x6+0.895x7-0.064x8 . Conclusion Strengthening the publicity and education of health knowledge related to chronic diseases in patients with altitude sickness, enhancing their awareness of high-risk factors such as hyperglycemia, and effective control of blood sugar and blood lipids have positive effects on preventing complicated hypertension.
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Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and prognostic value of liver function in a large samples of patients with anti-glycoprotein 210 (gp210 antibody) positive primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 931 PBC cases in Beijing You'an Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from 2010 to 2019. According to the detection of gp210 antibody, 318 cases were divided into gp210 antibody positive group (positive group) and 613 cases were divided into gp210 antibody negative group (negative group). The differences in demographic, medical history, clinical indicators, B-ultrasound and pathological indicators as well as the histopathological basis were compared between the two groups. SPSS 16.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Measurement data were analyzed by t-test or rank sum test, and enumeration data by χ2 test. Multivariate analysis was used for logistic test, and and survival analysis was used for prognosis. Results: The positive and the negative groups were compared. The ratio of male to female was significantly higher in positive than negative group (1:5.35 vs. 1:9.73, P＜0.05), and the difference was statistically significant. The proportion of hormone use in history of past diagnosed and treated was higher in positive than negative group (12.9% vs. 3.47%, P＜0.05), and the difference was statistically significant. The detection of biochemical indexes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) were higher in positive than the negative group (51.1 U/L vs. 41.1 U/L, 62.6 U/L vs. 49.6 U/L, 24.1 μmol/L vs. 17.9 μmol/L, 228.3 U/L vs. 169.6 U/L, 203.9 U/L vs. 147.6 U/L), (P＜0.05), and the differences were statistically significant. Antinuclear antibody (ANA)-positive rate, high titer ratio and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were higher in positive than negative group (95.2% vs. 81.6%, 69.7% vs. 48.8%, 17.2 g/L vs. 16.2 g/L), (P＜0.05), and the differences were statistically significant. The incidence of liver failure was higher in positive than negative group (P＜0.05). CK7 and inflammation score were higher in positive group than negative group in liver histopathological observations (0.83±0.53 vs. 0.28±0.47; 1.06±0.39 vs. 0.54±0.65), (P＜0.05), and the differences were statistically significant. Conclusion: The illness condition of patients with gp210 antibody positive PBC is more severe than patients with gp210 antibody negative PBC, and the incidence of liver failure is significantly increased. Cholangiocytes may be the histopathological basis of the clinical characteristics of gp210 antibody positive PBC patients.
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Female , Humans , Male , Aspartate Aminotransferases , Autoantibodies , Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary/diagnosis , Liver Failure , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Objective:Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the common complications in critically ill septic patients, which is associated with increased risks of death, cardiovascular events, and chronic renal dysfunction. The duration of AKI and the renal function recovery status after AKI onset can affect the patient prognosis. Nevertheless, it remains controversial whether early recovery status after AKI is closely related to the prognosis in patients with sepsis-associated AKI (SA-AKI). In addition, early prediction of renal function recovery after AKI is beneficial to individualized treatment decision-making and prevention of severe complications, thus improving the prognosis. At present, there is limited clinical information on how to identify SA-AKI patients at high risk of unrecovered renal function at an early stage. The study aims to investigate the association between early recovery status after SA-AKI, identify risk factors for unrecovered renal function, and to improve patients ' quality of life.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of septic patients who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and developed AKI within the first 48 hours after ICU admission in the Second Xiangya Hospital and the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2015 to March 2017. Sepsis was defined based on the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). AKI was diagnosed and staged according to the 2012 Kidney Disease:Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guideline. SA-AKI patients were assigned into 3 groups including a complete recovery group, a partial recovery group, and an unrecovered group based on recovery status at Day 7 after the diagnosis of AKI. Patients ' baseline characteristics were collected, including demographics, comorbidities, clinical and laboratory examination information at ICU admission, and treatment within the first 24 hours. The primary outcome of the study was the composite of death and chronic dialysis at 90 days, and secondary outcomes included length of stay in the ICU, length of stay in the hospital, and persistent renal dysfunction. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic value of early recovery status after AKI and to determine the risk factors for unrecovered renal function after AKI. Sensitivity analysis was conducted in patients who still stayed in hospital on Day 7 after AKI diagnosis, patients without premorbid chronic kidney disease, and patients with AKI Stage 2 to 3.Results:A total of 553 SA-AKI patients were enrolled, of whom 251 (45.4％), 73 (13.2％), and 229 (41.4％) were categorized as the complete recovery group, the partial recovery group, and the unrecovered group, respectively. Compared with the complete or partial recovery group, the unrecovered group had a higher incidence of 90-day mortality (unrecovered vs partial recovery or complete recovery: 64.2％ vs 26.0％ or 22.7％; P<0.001) and 90-day composite outcome (unrecovered vs partial recovery or complete recovery:65.1％vs 27.4％or 22.7％;P<0.001). The unrecovered group also had a shorter length of stay in the hospital and a larger proportion of progression into persistent renal dysfunction than the other 2 groups. After adjustment for potential confounders, patients in the unrecovered group were at an increased risk of 90-day mortality (HR=3.50, 95％ CI 2.47 to 4.96, P<0.001) and 90-day composite outcome (OR=5.55, 95％CI 3.43 to 8.98, P<0.001) when compared with patients in the complete recovery group, but patients in the partial recovery group had no significant difference (P>0.05). Male sex, congestive heart failure, pneumonia, respiratory rate>20 beats per minute, anemia, hyperbilirubinemia, need for mechanical ventilation, and AKI Stage 3 were identified as independent risk factors for unrecovered renal function after AKI. The sensitivity analysis further supported that unrecovered renal function after AKI remained an independent predictor for 90-day mortality and composite outcome in the subgroups. Conclusion:The early recovery status after AKI is closely associated with poor prognosis in critically ill patients with SA-AKI. Unrecovered renal function within the first 7 days after AKI diagnosis is an independent predictor for 90-day mortality and composite outcome. Male sex, congestive heart failure, pneumonia, tachypnea, anemia, hyperbilirubinemia, respiratory failure, and severe AKI are risk factors for unrecovered renal function after AKI. Therefore, timely assessment for the renal function in the early phase after AKI diagnosis is essential for SA-AKI patients. Furthermore, patients with unrecovered renal function after AKI need additional management in the hospital, including rigorous monitoring, avoidance of nephrotoxin, and continuous assessment for the renal function, and after discharge, including more frequent follow-up, regular outpatient consultation, and prevention of long-term adverse events.
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This paper summarizes the current situation and problems of the research on the theory of "Taibai Seven Medicines" through literature summary and surveys. Although the "Four Beams and Eight Pillars" theory of compounding has a long history, the current research progress of "Taibai Seven Medicines" is mostly focused on plant resources. There lacks researches on the theory of compounding, or development of compounding and large varieties based on "Taibai Seven Medicines". We call for the inheritance and protection of folk experience, and hope that the "Four Beams and Eight Pillars" theory can guide the application and development of the seven Taibai medicines. Therefore, increasing the research on the theory and teaching in undergraduate courses formulary in Chinese medicine are necessary in our province.
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Objective:To observe the effect of enriched rehabilitation training on cognitive function, plasma mir-146a-5p microRNA precursor levels and inflammatory factors in persons with post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI).Methods:Fifty-eight persons with PSCI were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, each of 29. The observation group was given enriched rehabilitation training, while the control group was provided with conventional cognitive rehabilitation training. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), the Digit Span Test (DST), parts A and B of the Trail Making Test (TMT A-B) and the Modified Barthel Index (MBI) were used to assess the subjects′ cognitive functioning and their ability in the activities of daily living (ADL). Plasma levels of mir-146a-5p, IL-6 and TNF-α were detected before and after the treatment.Results:After treatment, the average MOCA, DST and MBI scores, as well as the average TMT A-B times had improved significantly for both groups. However, the observation group′s averages were significantly better than those of the control group on all three tests. After the treatment, the average plasma expression of miR-146a-5p had increased significantly in both groups, but the increase in the observation group was significantly greater. Plasma IL-6 and TNF-α levels were significantly lower than before the treatment, with the average TNF-α level in the observation group significantly lower than that of the control group.Conclusions:Enriched rehabilitation training can improve the cognition of stroke survivors more effectively than conventional cognitive rehabilitation training. That may be related to the up-regulation of plasma miR-146a-5p and reducing inflammation.
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Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and clinical applicability of the Simple Five item Scoring Scale for Sarcopenia (SARC-F) by systematic review and Meta-analysis.Methods:PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Wed of science, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Ovid, China HowNet database, China biomedical data, VIP database and Wanfang database were searched by computer, and all the researches related to SARC-F questionnaire's diagnosis of sarcopenia from the establishment of the database to March 1, 2020 were collected. Two researchers independently selected literature, extracted data, and evaluated the bias risk of the study. Revman 5.3 software, Stata16.0software were used to comprehensively evaluate the diagnostic value of SARC-F questionnaire for sarcopenia.Results:A total of 13 studies involving 8 860 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic criteria established by the European Working Group of Sarcopenia, the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia and the International Working Group for Sarcopenia were used as the gold standard. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.71, 0.69 and 0.67 respectively, and the Q-index was 0.659 3, 0.650 9 and 0.631 6.Conclusion:SARC-F questionnaire has a certain value in the screening and diagnosis of sarcopenia. In the future research, it is suggested to add the simple measurement of muscle quality on the basis of this scale to improve the accuracy of the questionnaire screening
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Plantaginis Semen is a traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） commonly used in China， which is one of the authentic medicinal materials in Jiangxi. It has great development prospects. However， the current research on Plantaginis Semen is not in-depth enough， mainly involving chemical components and pharmacological activities. There are few researches on processing and variety of Plantaginis Semen. In order to further develop and utilize the resources of Plantaginis Semen， we summarized 4 varieties that have been studied more at present， the processing contents of Plantaginis Semen in ancient and modern literature were consulted and sorted out， and its processing historical evolution were summarized. The influences of different processing technologies and methods on the chemical composition and pharmacological effects of Plantaginis Semen were analyzed， the possible processing mechanism was discussed. Meanwhile， and the quality evaluation methods of Plantaginis Semen varieties included in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia were summarized. The author mainly analyzed the researches status of Plantaginis Semen and its decoction pieces in the three aspects of variety， processing and quality evaluation， and summarized its current major problems such as insufficient use and development of varieties， unclear processing mechanisms， and undetermined quality evaluation standards. And combined with the national standardization project of TCM to carry out the prospect and analysis for it， in order to solve the problems in the actual production and use of Plantaginis Semen， and provide reference for its further development， production of the high-quality decoction pieces， analysis of the processing mechanism， and establishment of the quality control system.
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Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of modified Buyang Huanwutang combined with electroacupuncture （EA） in the treatment of traumatic spinal cord injury （TSCI） due to Qi deficiency and blood stasis. Method:Eighty-seven TSCI patients who met the inclusion requirements were randomly divided into an observation group （<italic>n</italic>=44） and a control group （<italic>n</italic>=43）. On the basis of comprehensive western medical treatments， patients in the control group were further provided with Wuwei Tongshuan oral liquid，10 mL per time，three times per day， while those in the observation group received modified Buyang Huanwutang，one bag per day，for 12 consecutive weeks. Besides， EA was performed in both groups in the same way， once per day， six times per week， for six weeks in total. The American Spinal Injury Association （ASIA） motor score， modified Barthel index （MBI），visual analog scale （VAS） pain score，Berg balance scale （BBS） score，modified Ashworth scale （MAS） score， spinal cord independence measure-Ⅲ（SCIM-Ⅲ） score， lower limb range of motion （ROM）， and Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome score before and after treatment were evaluated， followed by the recording of the occurrence of complications during treatment. The brain-derived nerve growth factor （BDNF）， nerve growth factor （NGF）， vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， neurotrophic factor-3 （NT-3）， malondialdehyde （MDA） and superoxide dismutase （SOD） levels before and after treatment were determined. Result:The motor， light touch， needling sensation， MBI， and BBS scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， while the AS and MAS scores were lower（<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The angles of adductor and straight leg raising in the observation group were greater than those of the control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01），but the Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome score was lower（<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Both the scores of self-care， respiration， and sphincter management in SCIM-Ⅲ and the total score in the observation group were elevated as compared with those of the control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The cumulative incidence of complications in the observation group was 34.09%，significantly lower than 55.81% in the control group （<italic>χ</italic><sup>2</sup>=4.149，<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Compared with the control group， the observation group exhibited remarkably increased BDNF， NGF， VEGF， NT-3， and SOD （<italic>P</italic><0.01） and decreased MDA （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Conclusion:Modified Buyang Huanwutang combined with EA is effective in alleviating spinal cord injury， promoting neural functional recovery， improving independence in activities of daily living， reducing the incidence of complications of patients with TSCI， which may be related to the amelioration of ischemia and hypoxia， inhibition of lipid peroxidation， and acceleration of nerve cell repair and regeneration.
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Wangbi Tablets are widely used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, knee osteoarthritis and other diseases at pre-sent. Long-term clinical application and research have shown that this drug has a good effect in reducing the pain of related diseases and improving symptoms. Due to the lack of guidance in the instructions and currently no relevant norms to guide the clinical application of Wangbi Tablets, in order to further improve clinicians' understanding of the drug and fully tap the clinical advantages of the drug, the Professional Committee of Orthopedics and Traumatology Drug Research of China Association of Chinese Medicine organized experts in the fields of rheumatism, orthopedics, pharmacy and methodology in Chinese and western medicine to develop expert consensus on Chinese patent medicines in accordance with the relevant requirements of the consensus methodology. Based on full consideration of clinical research evidence and expert experience, the clinical issues were summarized in the consensus, and for those clinical problems supported by evidences, the internationally recognized recommendation evaluation and formulation method GRADE was used to evaluate the evidence and form recommendations; for those clinical issues not supported by evidences, a consensus was reached through the nominal group method to form consensus recommendations. The consensus adopted a concise and clear format to form re-commendations or reach consensus suggestions on the medication regimen, medication characteristics, intervention timing, usage and dosage, course of use and safety issues for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and knee osteoarthritis with Wangbi Tablets. It is suggested that its application will better improve the efficacy of Wangbi Tablets in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and knee osteoarthritis, at the same time provide a reference for clinicians to use Wangbi Tablets in a standardized, reasonable and safe manner.
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Humans , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy , Consensus , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Osteoarthritis, Knee/drug therapy , TabletsABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo investigate whether Xiayuxue decoction exerts an anti-liver fibrosis effect by inhibiting glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). MethodsA total of 24 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, and Xiayuxue decoction group. The mice in the model group and the Xiayuxue decoction group were given intraperitoneal injection of 10% CCl4, and those in the Xiayuxue decoction group were given 0.4678 g/kg Xiayuxue decoction by gavage since week 4. The liver function parameters alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured, and liver histopathology was observed. Immunohistochemistry was used to measure the protein expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and GDNF. GFP-Col-HSC and human primary hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were treated with GDNF (10 ng/ml), and HSC activation was measured. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups, and the least significant difference t-test was used for further comparison between two groups. ResultsCompared with the control group, the model group had significant increases in the levels of ALT and AST, and compared with the model group, the Xiayuxue decoction group had significant reductions in the levels of ALT and AST (all P＜0.01). Liver histopathology showed that the model group had marked inflammatory cell infiltration and formation of fibrous septa by proliferated collagen fibers, and the Xiayuxue decoction group had loose fibrous septa and alleviated inflammatory cell infiltration. Immunohistochemistry showed that compared with the control group, the model group had significant increases in the expression of α-SMA and GDNF (both P＜0.01), which were observed in fibrous septa, and compared with the model group, the Xiayuxue decoction group had significant reductions in the expression of α-SMA and GDNF (both P＜0.05). Western blotting showed that the control group had relatively low expression of GDNF in liver tissue, the formation of liver fibrosis at week 6 of CCl4 modeling, and an around 10-fold increase in the expression of GDNF, and the Xiayuxue decoction group had significantly inhibited protein expression of GDNF (P＜0.01); there were significant increases in the expression of α-SMA and collagen type I α1 (Col1) in mice with liver fibrosis, with significant reductions in α-SMA and Col1 after treatment with Xiayuxue decoction (all P＜0.01). The in vitro experiment showed that GDNF induced the significant increases in the protein expression of α-SMA and Col1 in HSCs, which was significantly inhibited by Xiayuxue decoction (all P＜0.01). ConclusionThe expression of GDNF is significantly upregulated in the formation of liver fibrosis. GDNF can induce HSC activation, and Xiayuxue decoction can exert an anti-liver fibrosis effect by inhibiting GDNF.
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BACKGROUND: β-ecdysterone as a “phytoestrogen” has the ability to stimulate protein synthesis, promote carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, relieve hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, protect endothelial cells from apoptosis and induce their proliferation. Some scholars have reported that it also plays an important role in the treatment of osteoporosis, fractures and other bone inflammatory diseases. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of β-ecdystrone on the proliferation of mouse pre-osteoblasts(MC3T3-E1 cells) in vitro, and to explore whether β-ecdysterone can induce osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 at a safe dose. METHODS: The fourth generation MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured in the osteogenic induction medium for 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28 days. The osteogenic differentiation proteins(alkaline phosphatase, type I collagen, osteopontin, and calcified nodules) were detected at different time points, to identify whether the cells have the ability of osteogenic differentiation. MC3T3-E1 cells were then seeded into the induction medium containing different final concentrations of β-ecdysterone(0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 µmol/L). The proliferation activity of the cells was detected by cell counting kit-8 method at days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 after induction. The control group(general induction medium group) and the experimental group(general induction medium + β-ecdysterone) were cultured under the same conditions, and the expression levels of osteogenic marker proteins in each group of cells at different time periods were determined. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the MC3T3-E1 cells stimulated by the osteogenic induction medium, alkaline phosphatase staining and type I collagen florescence staining showed higher expression at day 10 of induction, and this was also confirmed by detection of alkaline phosphatase activity(P 0.05). The expression of alkaline phosphatase and type I collagen was higher in the experimental group than in the control group at day 10 of induction. The expression of osteopontin and osteocalcin in the cells was higher at day 14 of induction, and there was no significant difference in the calcified nodule staining between the two groups at day 28 of induction. These findings indicate that β-ecdysterone can promote the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells in vitro and induce MC3T3-E1 cells to differentiate into osteoblasts at a safe dose.
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Objective@#This study takes hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) as the inclusion materials to optimize the preparation technic of tea tree oil (TTO) and evaluate its pharmaceutical performance.@*Methods@#Take the production rate of HP-β-CD tea tree oil inclusion and entrapment rate as the evaluation index, taking the orthogonal test method to optimize the production technic of tea tree oil (HP-β-CD inclusion and using infrared (IR), differential thermal scanning (DSC) method to characterize the inclusion compound to analyze the stability of TTO-HP-β-CD.@*Results@#The best technic to produce HP-β-CD tea tree oil is as follow: the ratio of TTO and HP-β-CD should be equal to 1/10, at 40 ℃, within 1 h. The average drug loading shoud be 9.25% ± 3.25%. The IR, DSC characterization results showed that the characteristic peak of tea tree oil disappeared after the microspheres, which indicated the HP-β-CD encapsulated the tea tree oil with good compatibility. In 80 ℃ water bath, the TTO-HP-β-CD was stable with the retention rate 40% after 8 h, the retention rate was 4.32 times than that of the unwrapped tea tree oil.@*Conclusions@#The HP-β-CD tea tree oil obviously has higher rate of inclusion and stability. Therefore, it’s worth to promoting and being used in the pharmacy preparations and cosmetics field.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of early integrated Chinese and western medicine cluster intervention strategy on the prevention of intensive care unit acquired weakness(ICUAW).Methods:A total of 70 patients admitted to the ICU were divided into the intervention group and the control group by random digits table method with 35 cases each. The control group was given limb pressure treatment and limb rehabilitation exercise according to ICU nursing routine, and the intervention group was given early integrated Chinese and western medicine cluster intervention based on the control group, after intervention, the incidence of ICUAW, muscle strength, Barthel index score, mechanical ventilation time, length of stay in ICU and total length of stay between the two groups were compared.Results:The Medical Research Council score of the intervention group and control group were respectively (53.23±5.94) and (43.94±12.58), the Barthel index score were (79.57±7.80) and (66.14±19.25), the incidence of ICUAW were 17%(6/35) and 46%(16/35), the mechanical ventilation time were (162.26±72.27) and (254.06±126.22) h, the length of stay in ICU were (12.20±4.98) and (15.57±6.04) d, the total length of stay were (18.83±6.76) and (23.09±7.88) d, and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were -3.82-3.69, χ2 value was 6.63, P<0.05 or 0.01) . Conclusions:Early integrated Chinese and western medicine cluster intervention strategycan reduce the incidence of ICUAW, improve the muscle strength and daily life activities of patients, shorten the mechanical ventilation time, ICU length of stay and total length of stay in critically ill patients.
ABSTRACT
Objective:This study takes hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) as the inclusion materials to optimize the preparation technic of tea tree oil (TTO) and evaluate its pharmaceutical performance.Methods:Take the production rate of HP-β-CD tea tree oil inclusion and entrapment rate as the evaluation index, taking the orthogonal test method to optimize the production technic of tea tree oil (HP-β-CD inclusion and using infrared (IR), differential thermal scanning (DSC) method to characterize the inclusion compound to analyze the stability of TTO-HP-β-CD.Results:The best technic to produce HP-β-CD tea tree oil is as follow: the ratio of TTO and HP-β-CD should be equal to 1/10, at 40 ℃, within 1 h. The average drug loading shoud be 9.25% ± 3.25%. The IR, DSC characterization results showed that the characteristic peak of tea tree oil disappeared after the microspheres, which indicated the HP-β-CD encapsulated the tea tree oil with good compatibility. In 80 ℃ water bath, the TTO-HP-β-CD was stable with the retention rate 40% after 8 h, the retention rate was 4.32 times than that of the unwrapped tea tree oil.Conclusions:The HP-β-CD tea tree oil obviously has higher rate of inclusion and stability. Therefore, it’s worth to promoting and being used in the pharmacy preparations and cosmetics field.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#Despite the remarkable progress in efforts to control disease spread, the nationwide elimination of hepatitis B in China is still hindered by the persistently high rate of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Western China. This study aimed to evaluate the strategy of hepatitis B prevention and control in Western China and identify potential areas and strategies for improvement.@*Methods@#Susceptible population vaccination, health education, professional training of doctors, and other prevention and control measures have been implemented in Wuwei city since 2010. Data were obtained from three representative cross-sectional serosurveys conducted in 2010, 2013, and 2015. The serum samples were subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to detect the following seromarkers: HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs), and antibody against hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc). Estimates of variance were determined using Taylor series linearization methods.@*Results@#The three serosurveys revealed decreases in the prevalence of HBsAg (7.19% in 2010 @*Conclusion@#Although vaccine-based prevention and control measures reduced the rate of HBV infection in Wuwei City over time, the hepatitis B infection rate in children younger than 10 years was still higher than the national average level. Therefore, the prevention and control of mother-to-child transmission and the management of the infected should be the focus of future prevention and control work.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , China/epidemiology , Communicable Disease Control/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hepatitis B/prevention & control , Hepatitis B virus/isolation & purification , Prevalence , Seroepidemiologic StudiesABSTRACT
Objective:To optimize the processing technology of salt-processed products of Plantaginis Semen with the specific process parameters, and verify the obtained processing technology by pharmacodynamic research, so as to provide experimental basis for the standardized production and quality control of this decoction pieces. Method:Taking composite score of appearance character score, dry extract yield and contents of three components (geniposidic acid, acteoside and isoacteoside) as index, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP)-criteria importance through intercrieria correlation (CRITIC) mixed weighting method was used to determine the weight coefficient of each index. Based on single factor tests, the response surface method was used to investigate the effects of frying time, frying temperature, salt amount and water amount on the processing technology of salt-processed products of Plantaginis Semen, and the processing technology was verified by diuretic experiment with furosemide tablets as the positive drug (administration dose of 0.01 g·kg-1). Result:The weight coefficients of geniposidic acid content, acteoside content, appearance character score, isoacteoside content and dry extract yield were 0.319, 0.193, 0.207, 0.273 and 0.008, respectively. The optimal process parameters were as following：fried at 150-180 ℃ for 10 min (obtained from the single factor tests), 100 g of Plantaginis Semen sprayed evenly with 2 g of salt (2 g of salt dissolved in 20 mL of water), and fried at 150-180 ℃ for 15 min. Compared with the blank group, both of the raw products group and the salt-processed products group could significantly increase the secretion of urine volume (P<0.01), but the excretion of Na+ in the urine of rats in the salt-processed products group was significantly higher than that in the raw products group (P<0.05). Conclusion:The optimized processing technology is simple and feasible, which can provide reference for standardizing the industrial production of salt-processed products of Plantaginis Semen. At the same time, combined with inherent quality and appearance of the salt-processed products, and verified by pharmacodynamic test, the obtained results are reasonable and reliable, which can be used for quality control of this decoction pieces.